skeletal structure for a hotel booking system, along with the algorithms

skeletal structure for a hotel booking system, along with the algorithms required. ,  practical, developer-oriented framework that outlines:

• The core modules/components

• The basic system architecture

• The skeletal code structure (pseudo-code / framework-style)

• The main algorithms you'd need to implement

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🔧 1. Goal

Design a skeletal structure (framework/blueprint) for a:

✅ Hotel Booking System / Hotel Reservation App / Booking Engine

This would allow:

• Guests to search for hotels and available rooms

• View room details

• Make and manage bookings

• Admins (hotel staff) to manage inventory (rooms, prices, availability)

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🧱 2. Skeletal Structure / Architecture Overview

🏗️ High-Level Modules:

🔹 Guest-Facing Features

• Search for hotels

• Filter by date, location, price, room type

• View hotel and room details

• Make bookings (select dates, pay)

• View/manage their bookings

🔹 Admin Panel

• Add/edit hotel listings

• Set room inventory and pricing

• View/manage bookings

• Cancel or update reservations

🔹 System Core

• Booking engine

• Availability engine

• Payment processor

• Notification system (email/SMS)

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🧩 3. System Components (Skeletal)

📦 Backend (Logic and Data)

• Auth Module (Users, Admins login)

• Hotel Module (CRUD hotels/rooms)

• Search Module (filtering, date checking)

• Booking Module (create, cancel, modify bookings)

• Inventory Module (availability management)

• Payment Module (integrates with Stripe/PayPal)

• Notification Module (email confirmations)

🗂️ Database Skeleton (Tables/Entities)

Entity	Key Fields
Users	id, name, email, password, role (guest/admin)
Hotels	id, name, address, rating, amenities
Rooms	id, hotel_id, type, price, max_occupancy
Bookings	id, user_id, room_id, check_in, check_out, status
Inventory	room_id, date, is_available
Payments	booking_id, amount, status, timestamp

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🧾 4. Skeletal Code Structure (Simplified Pseudocode)

⚙️ Basic Folder Structure

hotel-booking-app/
│
├── backend/
│   ├── controllers/       # Handles API logic
│   ├── models/            # Database schemas
│   ├── services/          # Business logic (booking, payments)
│   ├── routes/            # API routes
│   ├── utils/             # Utility functions (dates, pricing)
│   └── app.js             # Main entry point
│
├── frontend/
│   ├── pages/             # Search, Booking, Admin views
│   ├── components/        # Reusable UI elements
│   ├── services/          # Calls to backend APIs
│   └── App.js             # Root React/Vue/App

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📐 5. Core Algorithms for Hotel Booking System

✅ 1. Availability Checking Algorithm

Used when a guest searches for rooms on certain dates.

def check_availability(room_id, check_in, check_out):
    for date in range(check_in, check_out):
        if not inventory[room_id][date].is_available:
            return False
    return True

• You may use a calendar-based data structure or SQL queries to check availability.

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✅ 2. Pricing Algorithm

Used to calculate total price based on dates, seasonal rates, discounts.

def calculate_price(room_id, check_in, check_out):
    total = 0
    for date in range(check_in, check_out):
        rate = get_rate_for_date(room_id, date)
        total += rate
    return total

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✅ 3. Booking Algorithm

Creates a booking and blocks the inventory for selected dates.

def create_booking(user_id, room_id, check_in, check_out):
    if not check_availability(room_id, check_in, check_out):
        return "Room not available"
    
    booking = Booking(user_id, room_id, check_in, check_out)
    save_booking(booking)
    
    for date in range(check_in, check_out):
        inventory[room_id][date].is_available = False
    
    return booking

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✅ 4. Cancellation Algorithm

Frees up inventory and refunds (if allowed by policy).

def cancel_booking(booking_id):
    booking = get_booking(booking_id)
    if booking.status != 'confirmed':
        return "Invalid cancellation"
    
    for date in range(booking.check_in, booking.check_out):
        inventory[booking.room_id][date].is_available = True
    
    booking.status = 'cancelled'
    process_refund(booking)

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✅ 5. Search Algorithm

Filters hotels/rooms based on location, availability, price range.

def search_hotels(location, check_in, check_out, guests, price_range):
    hotels = find_hotels_by_location(location)
    results = []
    
    for hotel in hotels:
        rooms = get_rooms(hotel.id)
        for room in rooms:
            if room.price in price_range and room.max_occupancy >= guests:
                if check_availability(room.id, check_in, check_out):
                    results.append(room)
    
    return results

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📡 6. Technologies You Can Use

Layer	Stack Options
Frontend	React.js, Vue.js, Flutter (for mobile)
Backend	Node.js, Django, Flask, Spring Boot
Database	PostgreSQL, MySQL, MongoDB
Auth	JWT, OAuth, Firebase Auth
Payments	Stripe, Razorpay, PayPal
Hosting	AWS, Heroku, Firebase, Vercel

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📌 Summary

Concept	What's Included
Skeletal Structure	Folder layout, modules, database entities
Core Algorithms	Availability, Booking, Pricing, Cancellation, Search
App Features	Search, booking, payments, admin panel
Architecture	Separation of frontend, backend, and core services

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